Allergic conjunctivitis is a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the eye's white part. While it can cause discomfort, familiarizing yourself with its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can aid in its effective management.

Causes of Allergic Conjunctivitis:

Allergic conjunctivitis typically arises from exposure to allergens, substances that trigger an immune response despite being harmless to most individuals. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold spores, and certain chemicals.

Symptoms of Allergic Conjunctivitis:

• Itchy eyes
• Redness in the whites of the eyes
• Watery or teary eyes
• Swelling or puffiness around the eyes
• Sensitivity to light
• Gritty or burning sensation in the eyes

Severity and frequency of symptoms depend on specific allergen exposure.

Treatment Options:

Management involves reducing allergen exposure and alleviating symptoms:

Avoidance: Identify and minimize exposure to allergens, such as staying indoors during high pollen counts or using dust mite-proof bedding covers.
Eye Drops: Over-the-counter or prescription eye drops can relieve itching, redness, and irritation. Antihistamine eye drops reduce allergic reactions, while decongestant drops lessen redness and swelling.
Cold Compresses: Applying a cold cloth to closed eyes soothes inflammation, itching, and swelling.
Oral Antihistamines: These medications can alleviate systemic allergy symptoms like sneezing and nasal congestion.
Prescription Medications: Severe cases may require corticosteroid eye drops or immunomodulators to reduce inflammation and immune response.

When to Seek Medical Attention:

Persistent or severe symptoms despite over-the-counter treatments warrant medical evaluation. Eye pain, blurred vision, or discharge indicate a potential serious condition requiring prompt attention.

With proper management, allergic conjunctivitis discomfort can be minimized, and quality of life improved. By avoiding triggers, utilizing medications, and seeking medical guidance when necessary, effective management is achievable, ensuring healthy, comfortable eyes.

Dr. Dhrubbojyoti Saaha at Total Retina Eye Care, Dhantoli, Nagpur, is dedicated to providing comprehensive eye care, including management of allergic conjunctivitis.